On 19 December 1989, the United States launched an invasion on a sovereign nation to end the dictatorship of Manuel Noriega. President Bush stated to the nation that there was four reasons why this invasion needed to take place. The reasons were to...
The increasing volume and manner of violent deaths in Mexico nearly doubled in 2009 to just over seven thousand. Mexico appears capable of devolving into a failed state status where an insurgency threat could potentially thrive. These indices...
Manuel Noriega was the most feared man in South America and in his own country of Panama in the late 1980’s. This was the very same man who the United States government hired and paid for his service as an international spy. By the end of 1976,...
In 1969, President Nixon started the now well-known "War on Drugs." The reason behind his "declaration" of war was the increasing national security threat posed by the transnational drug trafficking organizations. With the aim of making as much...
Since 2006, more than 30,000 Mexican citizens have died in drug-related violence. With the threat of this violence escalating and spilling across the border into the United States, it is necessary to employ the full range of assets and options...
Raines, Steven; Nunez-Acosta, Jaime; Calderon, Bobby; Leach, Michael; Lopez, Chris
Current troop levels are inadequate to sustain the current full-spectrum operations on the Global War on Terror specifically in Iraq and Afghanistan. Specifically, a larger Army would benefit soldiers by alleviating the current unit rotation demand...
This monograph examines the US military involvement in the "drug war" since l989, as well as some of the issues that the military officer may have to deal with while conducting counterdrug operations in Peru. In 1989, the Secretary of Defense...
Since Mexican President Felipe Calderón declared war on the drug cartels in December 2006, more than 35,000 Mexicans have died due to narco-violence. This monograph examines whether the various Mexican drug trafficking organizations are insurgents...
After the 11 September attack, the United States and the international community helped to create an Afghan government that can serve its people. 10 years later there are significant shortfalls in the performance of the Afghan government. As the...
Military support to law enforcement agencies is a key piece of solving the problem that exists along the southwestern border. Military support along the southwestern border has existed since the initial westward expansion of the United States....
The construction of a US-Mexico border fence has proved an increasingly divisive method for securing the southern US border since its initial construction as the San Diego Fence in 1990. Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 the...
This newsletter is a collection of articles focused on stability operations in the Western Hemisphere, specifically in Central and South America. Today, stability operations in Afghanistan and Iraq rightfully receive the lion’s share of our...
With the U.S. high domestic consumption of illicit drugs, a relationship has formed between transnational gangs and powerful Latin American drug cartels. The ineffectiveness of the war on drugs, along with the high cost of such a program, begs the...
The Campaigns conducted by the Spanish Army from 1909 to 1926 to pacify the Spanish Protectorate in Morocco are almost unknown in the US Army, and the scarce literature written or translated to English provides only a partial vision of them. The...
Drug Trafficking Organizations within Mexico have become a challenge to the state and are affecting both Mexican and U.S. citizens within the U.S. and Mexico border region. As the situation continues to spiral out of control, the U.S. military,...