The crusade of Nicopolis, in 1396, intended to expel the Turks from the Balkans, but it ended with the disastrous defeat. Sigismund of Luxemburg, the King of Hungary and Holy Roman Emperor, achieved much to fortify the southern border of Hungary...
One of the greatest generals and practitioners of military craft fought successfully over two thousand years ago. Between 335 and 325 B.C., Alexander the Great campaigned into Persia and India with the aim of conquering the known world. His...
Modern military leaders require solid information, with broad background knowledge, to operate in some of the world's most complex cultures. In the Balkan Peninsula, the overlapping demands of religion, ethnic loyalties, and selfish power-politics...
In 1274 and 1281, the Mongol Empire attempted overseas invasions of Japan, following diplomatic efforts to make Japan submit. On both occasions, the Mongols were unsuccessful. Although the Japanese offered stiff and well-coordinated resistance, the...
The work achieved by Marshal Louis Hubert Gonzalve Lyautey (1854-1934) in Morocco between 1912 and 1925, while he served as the résident général, occupies a special place in French military history. Lyautey's work still applies today, and is...
The Ottoman Empire is often portrayed as a bloodthirsty Empire bent on conquering Europe and opposing the great European powers of its time through its military strength. From its beginnings in the thirteenth century the Ottoman Empire expanded its...
During the 20th Century Presidents Roosevelt and Hoover were at the helm of America as a global super power and as Commander-In-Chief declared war for our country to fight in World War I and World War II. After engaging in the war, it was quickly...
Hartig, Larry A.
Harn, Robert P.
Linville, Ronald W.
Wilkins, Hartman
Thesis Statement: The German Army lost its October-December 1941 campaign against Moscow because of three factors.
Discussion: Hitler and his military staff overestimated the ability of the German Army and underestimated the ability of the Soviet...
There is not a clearly defined framework within the national security dialogue of the United States, which sufficiently details compelling another government to capitulate as an end-state to the use of military force. When deciding to use military...
If the United States is to provide viable options to its civilian leaders, it must change the way it organizes and employs its military power. Its current construct revolves around functional specialization where services provide self-contained...
Martin van Creveld, a noted theorist, contends that the concept of operational art did not take off in the United States (US) until after the Vietnam War. Conversely, James Schneider, a prominent military theorist, asserts that operational art...
Napoleon Bonaparte lost over 300,000 men in the Therian Peninsula combating the British Army and Navy, along with their Spanish and Portuguese allies, in the savage conventional and unconventional Peninsular War. This very important sub-theater of...
This book attempts to explain clearly "The reason of discipline," so that every soldier may at once see the necessity of enforcing and upholding its regulations.
"In making the following study of certain attacks upon fortified harbors it was my object to make an analysis of each campaign, and of them all collectively, in order to attempt to derive well grounded conclusions as to future wars."
Military history is a recording of armed combat within the history of humanity. Armed combat has been a continual factor in the process of societal development. The study of Military History enables scholars to better understand the decision making...
For most military professionals, it is imperative to study military history. It allows not only the Commanding General but the soldier on the ground the ability to react appropriately to situations that have taken place in previous battles. It also...
War crimes/atrocities are more prevalent in the modem era (1940-present) than in prior periods of history. War by its very nature is a murderous affair, and is often an extremely dirty and cold-blooded activity. After all, the goal of war is to...
This essay compares and contrasts two counterinsurgency campaigns, Cuba and the Philippines. The author evaluates the main causes of triumph or disappointment in each engagement by pinpointing the critical elements that led to triumph or letdown on...
This paper examines the battle of Teutoburg (9 A.D.), its consequences on the Roman world, and the role cultural misunderstanding played on the tactical, operational, and strategic levels. The Roman commander's cultural misunderstanding of his...