Using military force against an enemy to punish, avenge a wrong, as retribution is a timeless cause of armed conflict. There are many examples throughout history of successful punitive operations. Analyzing historical punitive expeditions for the...
The Korean People's Army claims that on 6 April 1961, a rubber boat carrying five armed people entered waters of the Han River Estuary. After warning the vessel several times, without warning, the vessel opened fire on the KPA guard post. The...
Martin van Creveld, a noted theorist, contends that the concept of operational art did not take off in the United States (US) until after the Vietnam War. Conversely, James Schneider, a prominent military theorist, asserts that operational art...
This monograph analyzes the common cause of the three incidents, Balangiga, No Gun Ri, and My Lai and discusses implications for the U.S. Army to prevent such incidents from recurring. The Balangiga incident took place in the last quarter of 1901,...
This study on legal affairs in Germany details the administration of justice in Germany (development of the court system) and the Reich Ministry of Justice. Other topics include the bar, German criminal law and procedure (sources of criminal law,...
Given the United States intervention in and intent to withdraw from both Iraq and Afghanistan, the question of whether the conduct of a military withdrawal matters to the renewal of conflict is both timely and relevant. Guided by the National...
North Korea protests the alleged violation of the Armistice Agreement by the United Nations Command (UNC) in sending naval vessels into North Korean waters. It also claims it has made repeated demands for the UNC to punish personnel involved. The...
The Korean People's Army accuses the United Nations Command of flying two F-86 military jets into North Korean territory on 15 May 1961. The UNC claims it was a pilot error and extends its regrets. Digitized by the Military History Institute.
The United Nations Command claims that on 20 November 1962, armed North Koreans threw hand grenades at the UNC civil police post, killing one person. The Korean People's Army denies all allegations. Digitized by the Military History Institute.
North Korea claims that a sea-rover was dispatched into its waters and that the United Nations Command launched an armed attack on the North Koreans. The UNC in turn accuses North Korea of attacking a patrol craft on 23 December 1962. Digitized by...
The Korean People's Army claims that on 22 April 1961, the United Nations Command security personnel stood in the way of KPA security guards who were withdrawing after completion of their guard duty in the Joint Security Area to hinder them from...
Does following the rule of law assist security forces in defeating an armed insurgency? If so, what factors assist or prevent security forces from conducting operations in accordance with rule of law principles? Counterinsurgency literature and...
In 2003, the United States led a Coalition force into Iraq to depose Saddam Hussein 's repressive Ba 19ath Party regime. Under the provisions of the Hague Regulation of 1907, the Coalition became an occupying power with all of the attendant rights...
Currently Britain and America are engaged in an unprecedented struggle against global terrorism. This new, complex and challenging threat is proving difficult to overcome and the struggle against it, particularly in Afghanistan and Iraq, is not...
U.S. Army commanders seek to balance the requirements to conduct offensive, defensive and stability operations simultaneously. Within this framework, commanders have also had to balance the conduct of traditional military actions and non-military...
Recent years have seen the US, UK and other ISAF and Coalition nations enmeshed in protracted, complex and intense campaigns in Iraq and Afghanistan. Resilient and highly adaptable opponents have operated asymmetrically, and amongst the people, to...
This study includes the collected messages and circulars issued by Bell to his subordinate commanders and the text of the Army General Orders 100 which provide guidance in examining Bell's inner thinking and his view of the operation and his...
Multi-national force-iraq commander's counterinsurgency guidance. General David H. Petraeus, U.S. Army; General Petraeus outlines the essential tasks necessary for successful counterinsurgency operations in Iraq.